Organic molecules — Grade 12 Past Paper Questions

25 past paper questions on organic molecules from Gauteng, KwaZulu-Natal, Mpumalanga and other papers, 2025–2026. Read what each one asks, then open it with its memo.

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Questions

14 questions on organic molecules. Each opens in the question browser with its memo.

2025 · Paper 1 · March · KwaZulu-Natal · Question 7

Identify functional groups and IUPAC names of a primary alcohol and its derivatives through a series of substitution and addition reactions. Write structural formulae and explain reaction mechanisms.

functional groupsIUPAC namingsubstitution reactionsaddition reactionsdihaloalkanes
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2026 · Paper 2 · June · NSC · Question 4

Analyze a multi-step organic synthesis starting from 1-bromobutane involving substitution, addition, and esterification reactions. Identify reaction types, conditions, structural formulae, and IUPAC names of products.

substitution reactionsaddition reactionsesterificationreaction conditions1-bromobutane
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2026 · Paper 2 · June · NSC · Question 3

Examine intermolecular forces in methanol molecules and explain boiling point trends for alcohols and carboxylic acids based on molecular structure and hydrogen bonding strength.

intermolecular forcesboiling pointshydrogen bondingalcoholscarboxylic acids
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2025 · Paper 1 · March · KwaZulu-Natal · Question 5

Define homologous series, identify functional and positional isomers among organic compounds, write IUPAC names of esters, and determine general formulae of homologous series.

homologous seriesfunctional isomerspositional isomersIUPAC namingesters
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · KwaZulu-Natal · Question 5

Classify organic compounds by homologous series and functional groups. Determine IUPAC names, general formulae, identify unsaturated hydrocarbons, and write combustion equations using molecular formulae.

homologous seriesfunctional groupsIUPAC namingunsaturated hydrocarbonscombustion
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · KwaZulu-Natal · Question 7

Draw structural formulae from a thermal cracking equation, then analyze haloalkane transformations involving elimination and substitution reactions. Write reaction conditions and structural equations.

thermal crackingelimination reactionshaloalkanessubstitution reactionsstructural formulae
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · KwaZulu-Natal · Question 6

Graph boiling points of primary straight-chain alcohols against carbon number, identify the least flammable compound, and explain boiling point trends using intermolecular forces and vapour pressure relationships.

boiling pointsintermolecular forcesvapour pressureprimary alcoholsflammability
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · North West · Question 7

Analyze propene reactions in a flow diagram showing addition of hydrogen halide and hydration. Identify product structures, IUPAC names, reaction types, and necessary reaction conditions.

alkenesaddition reactionshydrationhydrogen halidesIUPAC naming
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · North West · Question 5

Identify organic compounds from structures and classify them by type (ester, haloalkane, alcohol). Determine whether alcohols are primary, secondary, or tertiary, and write IUPAC names and structural formulae.

estershaloalkanesalcoholsIUPAC namingfunctional groups
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · Mpumalanga · Question 7

Interpret a vapour pressure-temperature graph for five-carbon isomers from different homologous series (alkanes, alcohols, aldehydes, carboxylic acids). Identify boiling points and explain intermolecular force differences.

vapour pressureboiling pointshomologous seriesintermolecular forcesisomers
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · Mpumalanga · Question 6

Classify a haloalkane as primary, secondary, or tertiary. Write IUPAC names of organic compounds, identify organic acids used in ester synthesis, draw structural formulae, and calculate oxygen composition percentages.

haloalkanesIUPAC namingestersfunctional groupspercentage composition
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · Mpumalanga · Question 8

Complete organic reaction equations showing elimination of 2-bromopropane, hydration of the resulting alkene, and esterification to form propyl propanoate. Identify reaction types, conditions, and inorganic products.

elimination reactionshydrationesterificationhaloalkanesreaction conditions
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2025 · Paper 2 · June · Gauteng · Question 2

Classify organic compounds as primary, secondary, or tertiary alcohols. Identify ketones and hydrocarbons by structure, determine functional isomers, positional isomers, and write IUPAC names.

alcoholsketoneshydrocarbonsIUPAC namingisomers
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2025 · Paper 2 · June · Gauteng · Question 4

Analyze an alkene reaction flow diagram showing addition reactions (hydration, hydrogenation, halogenation). Identify structural formulae of products, reaction types, conditions, and IUPAC nomenclature.

alkeneshydrationhydrogenationhalogenationIUPAC naming
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Exam pages that include this topic

11 exam pages where organic molecules appears alongside other topics — multiple-choice pages, and pages where one question ends and the next begins. Listed in full so nothing is hidden.

2025 · Paper 1 · March · KwaZulu-Natal · Question 1

Multiple-choice page covering classification of organic compounds into homologous series using molecular formula, comparing vapour pressure trends of alcohols and carboxylic acids, and identifying thermal cracking reactions.

homologous seriesvapour pressurethermal crackingalcoholscarboxylic acids
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2026 · Paper 2 · June · NSC · Question 1

Multiple-choice page covering thermal cracking of alkanes, identifying positional isomers of alkenes, and applying IUPAC nomenclature rules to branched and unsaturated hydrocarbons.

thermal crackingpositional isomersIUPAC namingalkeneshydrocarbons
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2025 · Paper 1 · March · KwaZulu-Natal · Question 5,6

Two-question page covering esterification of propan-1-ol with ethanoic acid (write ester structures, IUPAC names, and calculate percentage purity) and explain boiling point trends of alcohols and carboxylic acids using intermolecular forces.

esterificationestersIUPAC namingboiling pointsintermolecular forces
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · KwaZulu-Natal · Question 1

Multiple-choice page on positional isomers of alkenes, vapour pressure ordering of alcohols and carboxylic acids, and determining whether compounds are carboxylic acids or esters from molecular formula and chemical reactivity.

positional isomersalkenesvapour pressurecarboxylic acidsesters
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · North West · Question 1

Multiple-choice questions identifying maximum height after a ball's second bounce on a position-time graph, and distinguishing functional isomers and vapor pressure in organic chemistry.

position-time graphsbouncing motionorganic isomerismintermolecular forces
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · Mpumalanga · Question 5,6

Multiple-choice page covering momentum and rebound velocity of a ball striking a wall, and organic chemistry topics including homologous series and functional isomers.

momentumcollision mechanicsorganic chemistryfunctional groups
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · North West · Question 5,6

Two-question page covering combustion calculations (determining mass of hydrocarbon from carbon dioxide produced) and analyzing boiling point trends of aldehydes with independent and dependent variables.

combustionboiling pointsaldehydesintermolecular forcesexperimental variables
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2026 · Paper 1 · March · Mpumalanga · Question 1,2

Multiple-choice and structured questions covering organic compound reactivity with bromine water, identification of structural isomers, and application of Newton's law of gravitation to planetary orbital motion.

alkenesstructural isomersaddition reactionsuniversal gravitationorbital mechanics
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2025 · Paper 2 · June · Gauteng · Question 1

Multiple-choice page on saturated hydrocarbons identified by molecular formula, esterification reactants and products, hydrohalogenation of alkenes, and IUPAC nomenclature of halogenated organic compounds.

saturated hydrocarbonsestershydrohalogenationIUPAC naminghaloalkanes
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2026 · Paper 2 · June · NSC · Question 1

Multiple-choice page on organic reaction classification: identifying whether an alkene-HBr reaction is addition or substitution and determining the major product via Markovnikov's rule; and recognizing which factors change the area under a Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution.

addition reactionmarkovnikov's rulereaction mechanismmaxwell-boltzmann distributionparticle properties
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2025 · Paper 2 · June · Gauteng · Question 2,3

Two-question page covering esterification of propanol with propanoic acid (identify catalyst type and draw product structures) and analyzing vapour pressure data to explain effects of molecular mass and functional group type.

esterificationcatalystsvapour pressuremolecular massfunctional groups
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Descriptions last updated 6 August 2026.